Resumen Objetivo. Investigar la seguridad y la eficacia de la discectomía endoscópica percutánea (DEP) y de la discectomía fenestrada (DF) en el tratamiento de la hernia de disco lumbar. Método. Se analizaron retrospectivamente los datos clínicos completos de 87 pacientes con hernia de disco lumbar. De acuerdo con el tratamiento prescrito, los pacientes fueron divididos en grupo control (DF, n = 39) y grupo de estudio (DEP, n = 48). Se compararon las condiciones básicas de funcionamiento de los dos grupos y se evaluaron los resultados de la cirugía, la incidencia de complicaciones y la calidad de vida al año de la operación. Resultados. Ambos grupos completaron la operación. En el grupo de estudio, las puntuaciones en la escala visual análoga y ODI disminuyeron significativamente, mientras que las puntuaciones JOA aumentaron significativamente. La tasa de éxito de la operación en el grupo de estudio fue significativamente mayor que en el grupo control, y la incidencia de complicaciones fue significativamente menor que en el grupo control. No hubo diferencia significativa en la calidad de vida entre los dos grupos (p > 0.05). Conclusiones. La tasa de éxito del tratamiento con DEP fue mayor, y el tiempo de recuperación fue más rápido y más seguro que con la DF.

Abstract Background. The aim of the study was to explore the safety and efficacy of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) and fenestration discectomy (FD) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Material and methods. The complete clinical data from 87 patients with LDH from our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into a control group (n = 39, treated with FD) and a research group (n = 48, treated with PTED) according to the prescribed treatments. The basic operation conditions were compared across the two groups. Surgical outcomes were assessed. The incidences of complications and the life quality of patients were evaluated 1 year after surgery. Results. The patients in both groups completed the operation. The visual analog scale and Oswestry Disability Index score of patients in the research group was significantly lower while the Orthopaedic Association Score was significantly higher after surgery. The success rate of the operation in the research group which was significantly higher and the rate of complications was significantly lower. No statistical differences in the quality of life were observed between the patients (p > 0.05). Conclusions. PTED and FD are effective in the treatment of LDH. However, our study showed that PTED has a higher rate of treatment success, faster recovery times and is safer than FD.

Abstract This study was investigated the effects of hot-air temperature and slice thickness on drying characteristics of Crabapple slices. Drying experiments were carried out in the ranges of 60-90 °C. The thickness conditions of Crabapple slices for thin layer drying were 3mm and 5mm. The increase in the temperature of the hot-air and the decrease in the thickness of the slicing causes the drying time to be significantly shortened. Fick’s diffusion model was applied to describe the water transfer of the Crabapple slices, and the effective diffusion coefficients varied from 0.6142 × 10-8m2/s to 1.9867 × 10-8m2/s in a given range of drying temperature. The effective diffusivity increases with increasing temperature. The activation energy values of Crabapple were 17.46 and 23.82 kJ/mol for the thickness of 3 and 5 mm, respectively. The Page model was revealed to be a better fit to describe the drying curve of Crabapple compared to other models.

RESUMO Introdução O salto em distância horizontal consiste em quatro partes: corrida de aproximação, impulsão, voo e queda. Objetivo Estudar a influência da ginástica no salto em distância horizontal. Métodos Oito jardins de infância em uma cidade foram selecionados e divididos em um grupo experimental e um grupo de controle. As crianças do grupo experimental atuaram nos módulos de ginástica e de condicionamento físico. Cada módulo foi submetido a um ciclo contínuo de atividades ao ar livre de manhã e à tarde de atividades infantis, de 1º de junho de 2021 a 31 de março de 2010, por um total de 9 meses. Resultados Durante o período de intervenção, não houve diferença significativa entre o grupo experimental e o grupo controle (P > 0,05), mas houve diferença significativa entre o grupo experimental e as meninas antes e depois da intervenção experimental (P < 0,05), enquanto a diferença entre os meninos não foi estatisticamente significativa, indicando que a amplitude do movimento do tornozelo das meninas foi ligeiramente mais afetada do que a dos meninos durante a intervenção de condicionamento físico. Conclusão Com o aumento da idade e do tempo de treinamento, a faixa de variação do ângulo de articulação das crianças mais velhas no grupo experimental foi significativamente maior do que a do grupo de controle. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction The standing long jump consists of four parts: pre-swing, take-off, flying, and landing. Objective Analyze the influence of gymnastics game fitness on standing long jump. Methods Eight kindergartens in a city were selected and divided into experimental and control groups. The children in the experimental group were intervened in gymnastics and game fitness modules. Each module was intervened in a rolling cycle in the morning and afternoon outdoor activities of children from June 1, 2021, to March 31, 2010, for nine months. Results During the intervention period, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group (P > 0.05), but there was a significant difference between the experimental group and the girls before and after the experimental intervention (P < 0.05), while the difference between boys was not statistically significant, indicating that the range of ankle movement of girls was slightly more affected than boys during the fitness intervention. Conclusion With the increase in age and training time, the change range of joint angles of older children in the experimental group is significantly higher than that in the control group. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMEN Introducción El salto de longitud horizontal consta de cuatro partes: carrera de aproximación, impulsión, vuelo y caída. Objetivo Analizar la influencia de la gimnasia en el salto de longitud de pie. Métodos Se seleccionaron ocho guarderías de una ciudad y se dividieron en un grupo experimental y otro de control. Los niños del grupo experimental realizaron módulos de gimnasia y fitness. Cada módulo intervino en un ciclo continuo de actividades al aire libre por la mañana y por la tarde desde el 1 de junio de 2021 hasta el 31 de marzo de 2010, durante nueve meses. Resultados Durante el período de intervención, no hubo diferencias significativas entre el grupo experimental y el grupo de control (P > 0,05), pero sí entre el grupo experimental y las chicas antes y después de la intervención experimental (P < 0,05), mientras que la diferencia entre los chicos no fue estadísticamente significativa, lo que indica que la amplitud de movimiento del tobillo de las chicas se vio ligeramente más afectada que la de los chicos durante la intervención de acondicionamiento físico. Conclusión Al aumentar la edad y el tiempo de entrenamiento, el rango de variación de los ángulos articulares de los niños mayores del grupo experimental es significativamente mayor que el del grupo de control. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Tendo em vista a alta incidência de síndrome dos ovários policísticos (SOP) e os efeitos terapêuticos insatisfatórios da dimetildiguanida ou do citrato de clomifeno isoladamente, nosso estudo teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos terapêuticos da dimetildiguanida associada ao citrato de clomifeno no tratamento da SOP. MÉTODOS Um total de 79 pacientes com POCS e 35 mulheres saudáveis foram incluídos, e biópsias endometriais foram obtidas. A expressão da proteína de ligação do elemento regulador de esterol-1 (SREBP1) nos tecidos endometriais foi detectada por qRT-PCR. Pacientes POC foram divididos aleatoriamente em grupo A (n=40) e grupo B (n=39). Os pacientes do grupo A foram tratados com dimetildiguanida combinada com citrato de clomifeno, enquanto os pacientes do grupo B foram tratados apenas com citrato de clomifeno. O número de folículos maduros e muco cervical, taxa de desenvolvimento folicular e taxa de ovulação, taxa de gravidez, abortamento precoce, taxa de ovulação, espessura endometrial, taxa positiva de três linhas, nível de hormônio folículo estimulante e nível de hormônio luteinizante foram comparados entre os dois grupos. RESULTADOS O nível de expressão do SREBP1 foi maior nos pacientes com SOP do que no controle normal. A expressão de SREBP1 foi inibida após o tratamento, enquanto os efeitos inibidores do tratamento combinado foram mais fortes do que os do citrato de clomifeno isoladamente. Comparado com o citrato de clomifeno sozinho, o tratamento combinado melhorou significativamente a pontuação do muco cervical, a taxa de desenvolvimento folicular, a taxa de ovulação do folículo único, a espessura endometrial, a taxa positiva de três linhas de sinal e o nível de hormônio folículo estimulante. CONCLUSÃO O efeito terapêutico do tratamento combinado é melhor do que o citrato de clomifeno isolado no tratamento da SOP.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE In view of the high incidence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and the unsatisfactory therapeutic effects of dimethyldiguanide or clomifene citrate alone, our study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of dimethyldiguanide combined with clomifene citrate in the treatment of PCOS. METHODS A total of 79 patients with POCS and 35 healthy females were included, and endometrial biopsies were obtained. The sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP1) expression in endometrial tissues was detected by qRT-PCR. POC patients were randomly divided into group A (n=40) and group B (n=39). Patients in group A were treated with dimethyldiguanide combined with clomifene citrate, while patients in group B were treated with clomifene citrate alone. The number of mature follicles and cervical mucus score, follicular development rate and single follicle ovulation rate, cycle pregnancy rate, early miscarriage rate, ovulation rate, endometrial thickness, positive rate of three lines sign, follicle stimulating hormone level and luteinizing hormone level were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The expression level of SREBP1 was higher in PCOS patients than that in the healthy control. SREBP1 expression was inhibited after treatment, while the inhibitory effects of combined treatment were stronger than those of clomifene citrate alone. Compared with clomifene citrate alone, the combined treatment improved cervical mucus score, follicle development rate, single follicle ovulation rate, endometrial thickness, positive rate of three lines sign, and follicle-stimulating hormone level. CONCLUSION The therapeutic effect of combined treatment is better than clomifene citrate alone in the treatment of PCOS.

This study explores the safety and effect of acute cerebral infarction treatment by microcatheter injection of tirofiban combined with a Solitaire AB stent and/or stent implantation. Emergency cerebral angiograms showing the responsible vascular occlusion of 120 acute cerebral infarction patients who underwent emergency endovascular thrombectomy were included in the study. These patients were randomly divided into two groups using the random number table method: treatment group (n=60) that received thrombectomy (with cerebral artery stents) combined with intracerebral injection of tirofiban and control group (n=60) that only received thrombectomy (with cerebral artery stents alone). The baseline data, cerebral angiography before and after surgery, hospitalization, and follow-up results of patients in these two groups were compared. Furthermore, the incidence of major adverse cerebrovascular events of these two groups was compared (90-day modified Rankin scale, a score of 0–2 indicates a good prognosis). The difference between baseline clinical data and brain angiography between these two groups was not statistically significant. Patients in the treatment group had a higher prevalence of thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grade 2b/3 than patients in the control group (88.3% (53/60) vs 66.7% (40/60), P=0.036). Moreover, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores 7 days after surgery and the 90-day prognosis were all better for the patients who received tirofiban (P=0.048 and P=0.024). Mechanical thrombectomy with Solitaire AB stents in combination with the injection of tirofiban through a microcatheter appears to be safe and effective for the endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

Oviductus ranae (OR) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which was first recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica in the Ming Dynasty. OR contains high amounts of proteins and elicits therapeutic effects on neurasthenia, insomnia, and respiratory symptoms, which are related to oxidative stress and immunodeficiency. This study aimed to obtain the potential of OR for the development of functional food possessing antioxidant and immune-enhancement functions in the same dose. In antioxidant evaluation, OR can significantly decrease malondialdehyde and protein carbonyls (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) and significantly increase total superoxide dismutase and glutathione in a dose-dependent manner (P< 0.05, P < 0.01) against ethanol-induced oxidative stress in mice at 0.1, 1.0, and 3.0 g/kg BW. In immunomodulatory evaluation, OR could significantly enhance the phagocytosis of liver macrophages (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), delayed-type hypersensitivity response (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), hemolytic activity (P < 0.05), antibody-producing cells (P < 0.05), and natural killer cell activity (P < 0.05) in the same dose range described in antioxidant evaluation compared with those in the normal control. OR slightly influenced lymphocyte proliferation, peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis, and immune organ indices in mice. Thus, 3.0 g/kg BW OR showed potential for the development of functional food with antioxidant and immune-enhancement activities.

Brown earth-based subsurface wastewater infiltration systems (SWISs) inoculated with/without dewatered sludge were constructed and operated under the same conditions to boost the application of SWIS in brown soil areas. Start-up period of SWIS with dewatered sludge was 28 days, 12 days shorter than that of SWIS without dewatered sludge. COD, NH3-N and TN removal efficiencies of dewatered sludge as microbial inoculum for SWIS were higher than that of SWIS without dewatered sludge under hydraulic loading rates (HLR) of 0.04, 0.07, 0.1 and 0.13 m³·m−2·d−1. Effluent concentrations of COD, NH3-N and TN in the SWIS inoculated with dewatered sludge were 44.51±4.13, 7.35 ± 0.24 and 14.03 ± 0.31 mg·L−1 under HLR of 0.13 m³·m−2·d−1, which were simultaneously lower than Chinese criteria for water discharge from municipal wastewater treatment plants. The number of bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria in dewatered sludge as microbial inoculum for SWIS were higher than that in SWIS without dewatered sludge under the same HLR. The results will be helpful in promoting the application of dewatered sludge as microbial inoculum in brown earth-based SWISs for the purpose of shortening start-up period, effecting high levels of pollutant removal and recycling waste.

Organic pollutant and nitrogen removal performance of subsurface wastewater infiltration systems (SWISs) with and without intermittent aeration, and operated under different organic pollutant loadings, was investigated. The intermittent aeration strategy not only significantly increased removal rates of organic pollutants and NH4+-N, but also successfully created aerobic conditions at a depth of 50 cm and did not change anoxic or anaerobic conditions at a depth of 80 and 110 cm, resulting in high TN removal. Increasing organic pollutant loading did not affect the removal of organic pollutants and nitrogen in intermittent aerated SWISs. High removal rates of COD (98.0%~98.4%), NH4+-N (93.8%~98.1%) and TN (84.5%~94.0%) were simultaneously obtained in intermittent aerated SWISs for organic pollutant loadings ranging from 7.4 to 29.1 g COD/(m²∙d), and these removal rates were significantly higher than for non-aerated SWISs. The results suggest that intermittent aeration is a reliable option to achieve high nitrogen removal in SWISs, especially with high organic pollutant loading.

RESUMO Avaliamos retrospectivamente os registros de 49 pacientes com 42 aneurismas intracranianos de graus 4 e 5, tratados nas primeiras 72 horas após uma hemorragia subaracnóidea (HSA). Trinta e cinco pacientes (71%) apresentavam grau 4 e catorze (29%) grau 5. Quarenta e dois pacientes (85%) tinham um único aneurisma, seis (12%) tinham dois aneurismas, e um paciente (3%) tinha três aneurismas. Dos 49 pacientes, uma complicação técnica (2%) e uma complicação clínica (2%) ocorreram durante a cirurgia. Vinte e um pacientes (43%) recuperaram-se bem, incluindo sete que tiveram hematomas pós-operatórios que requereram a imediata evacuação do coágulo. Catorze pacientes (29%) tiveram hidrocefalia e submeteram-se à derivação ventrículo-peritoneal; doze pacientes submeteram-se à traqueostomia no pós-operatório, devido a coma e infecção pulmonar. Pacientes com aneurismas de graus 4 e 5, segundo a escala de Hunt & Hess podem submeter-se com sucesso à clipagem dos aneurismas após HSA. Entretanto, as taxas de morbidade e mortalidade ainda são altas, devido à condição clínica precária e à alta incidência de vasoespasmo durante o tratamento.

ABSTRACT We retrospectively evaluated the records of 49 grade 4 and 5 patients with 42 intracranial aneurysms treated within 72 h of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In total, 35 patients (71%) were grade 4, and 14 (29%) were grade 5. A total of 42 (85%) patients had one aneurysm, 6 (12%) had two aneurysms, and 1 (3%) had three aneurysms. Out of 49 patients, one technical (2%) and one clinical (2%) complication occurred at surgery. Twenty-one (43%) patients recovered well, including 7 with postoperative hematoma requiring an immediate evacuation of a clot. Fourteen (29%) patients had hydrocephalus and required a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt; 12 patients underwent tracheotomy postoperatively due to coma and pulmonary infection. We found that patients with Hunt and Hess grade 4 and 5 aneurysms can undergo successful neurosurgical clipping of the aneurysms after SAH. However, the morbidity and mortality rates remain high because of their poor clinical condition and a high incidence of vasospasm during treatment.

La magnetoencefalografía es una técnica de neuroimagen no invasiva que mide, con gran exactitud temporal, los campos magnéticos en la superficie de la cabeza producidos por corrientes neuronales en regiones cerebrales. Esta técnica es sumamente útil en la investigación básica y clínica, porque además permite ubicar el origen de la actividad neural en el cerebro. En esta revisión se abordan aspectos básicos de la biofísica del método y se discuten los hallazgos sobre procesos como la percepción del habla, la atención auditiva y la integración de la información visual y auditiva, que son importantes en la investigación. Igualmente, se ilustran sus ventajas, sus limitaciones y las nuevas tendencias en la investigación con magnetoencefalografía.

Magnetoencephalography is a noninvasive imaging technique that measures the magnetic fields on the surface of the head --produced by neuronal currents in brain regions -- and provides highly accurate temporal information. Magnetoencephalography is extremely useful in basic and clinical research as it can also locate the sources of neural activity in the brain. This review chiefly approaches biophysics-related aspects of the method; findings are also discussed on issues such as speech perception, auditory attention and integration of visual-auditory information, which are quintessential in this type of research. Lastly, this review discusses the benefits and limitations of magnetoencephalography and outlines new trends in research with this technique.

Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri (Jones et Preston) is an economically important species in China. Understanding its immune system would be of great help in controlling diseases. In the present study, an important immunity-related gene, the Lipopolysaccharide and Beta-1,3-glucan Binding Protein (LGBP) gene, was located on C. farreri chromosomes by mapping several lgbp-containing BAC clones through fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Through the localization of various BAC clones, it was shown that only one locus of this gene existed in the genome of C. farreri, and that this was located on the long arm of a pair of homologous chromosomes. Molecular markers, consisting of eight single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) markers and one insertion-deletion (indel), were developed from the LGBP gene. Indel marker testing in an F1 family revealed slightly distorted segregation (p = 0.0472). These markers can be used to map the LGBP gene to the linkage map and assign the linkage group to the corresponding chromosome. Segregation distortion of the indel marker indicated genes with deleterious alleles might exist in the surrounding region of the LGBP gene.

The number of Web services are growing at an explosive speed, which brings great challenges to the accurate, efficient and automatic retrieval of target services for users. This paper presents a service discovery method with semantic matchmaking which could be used in remote medical systems. Adding ontology related semantic annotations to service interfaces is considered, and a method of service discovery based on bipartite matching of semantic message similarity is proposed. The method is easy to implement because it is not limited to specific service model. It also contributes to the improvement of service discovery efficiency when service is retrieved in an automatic way.